South of the Sea

2020-2

Supported by:

New Century Resort Chess Bay, Hainan

Ministry of Culture and Tourism of Changjiang

Bawangling Tropical Rainforest Nature Reserve

Zoological Society of London

Joseph Needham Institute, Cambridge University

Special Thanks

Prof. Samual Turvey

Dr. Heidi Ma

Janson Du

An island, entirely of itself, represents the world in miniature. These tiny pieces of land, the existence of which imagination can just about hang on to, act as metaphors to provide new clarity about life when the details are simplified and stripped away. [.. ..] They provide a fertile stage for experimentation, showing us alternate outward or inward realities and how these realities could be reached — from new models of political philosophy and how society might function to deeply personal revelations about identity, explored in solitude when the wider world comes distant, and its noise is quieted.

——Samuel Turvey, The Tomb of the Mili Mongga

South of the Sea is a four-year, research-driven project by Lisa Chang Lee, conducted in collaboration with the Zoological Society of London's (ZSL) conservation team led by Prof. Samuel Turvey and Dr Heidi Ma. The project explores Hainan Island—a microcosm of modernisation, Indigenous culture, and the natural environment, focusing on its core nature reserve, which houses China's only tropical rainforest.

The project manifests through a series of works:

Artist's Documentary Film: This film delves into the complexity and tension between local culture and imposed modernity, and between economic growth and biodiversity conservation. Featuring forest guards and a young Indigenous Li boy, it highlights the human aspect of conservation and the delicate balance the community faces.

(film still). Forester Feng Zhenlin

Forester Feng Zhenlin, who’s worked in the reserve for 40 years

Silent Chorus: An audiovisual installation based on the Bawangling mountain region of Hainan Island's tropical rainforest. Shot entirely during night-time, the video footage showcases the rainforest’s bio-fluorescent phenomenon under ultraviolet light, revealing vibrant colour palettes invisible to the human eye under normal conditions. The sound material includes field recordings from the core area of the rainforest, and traditional Li songs were then reconstructed to integrate with the visual in the final immersive installation.

Silent Chorus approaches photography as a process of searching, encountering and discovering within darkness. Working at night in the tropical rainforest of Hainan, China, I positioned a stationary camera and moved through the surrounding environment with a handheld ultraviolet torch. As the light passed across vegetation and other organisms, unexpected patterns of biofluorescence emerged momentarily from the darkness.

What began as an experimental exploration of the limits of photographic perception led to an unexpected ecological discovery: the observation of biofluorescence in numerous endemic species for which this phenomenon had not previously been documented. These encounters revealed aspects of the rainforest's biodiversity that had remained largely unseen, demonstrating how artistic experimentation can open new possibilities for ecological observation and knowledge production.

Rather than capturing predetermined subjects, the camera recorded an unfolding encounter between artificial illumination, biological phenomena and the uncertainty of human observation. The resulting moving images retain the duration, unpredictability and physical process of this photographic exploration. My own bioacoustic field recordings and sound composition extend the investigation beyond the visible frame, bringing together different sensory dimensions of the rainforest.

Through this process, Silent Chorus proposes an expanded photographic practice in which image-making becomes an act of ecological inquiry. It questions the assumption that photography simply records what is already visible, exploring instead how technological mediation, embodied observation and multisensory attention might reveal unfamiliar relationships within a complex living environment.

Rather than presenting the rainforest as a landscape to be comprehensively observed or documented, the work acknowledges the partial, situated and evolving nature of human perception, inviting a reconsideration of how we encounter, understand and coexist with the more-than-human world.

Lisa and Han Jinbing in Li Village Sanpai.

In addition to these, the project includes photography and other artistic pieces derived from extensive research. By using Hainan Island as a microcosm, the project aims to illuminate the tension and struggles of diverse local cultures and cultural identities confronting homogenising capitalism and policies that prioritise economic growth over the preservation of resources and cultural heritage. While centred on Hainan, it reflects broader global issues, offering insights into how modernisation and economic development often come at the expense of Indigenous cultures and natural environments. South of the Sea sheds light on Hainan's unique challenges and serves as a lens to examine universal themes of cultural erosion, environmental exploitation, and the complex relationship between progress and preservation.

Silent Chorus (2024-25)

*This is a compressed version for online viewing only.

4K Video Installation with Spatial Sound

13 minutes

Credits:

Concept, Direction of Sound and Visuals: Lisa Chang Lee

Sound Composition: realised in collaboration with Stefan Zhang

Spatial Audio / Multichannel Mixing: Joe Hirst

Sound Recordings: Lisa Chang Lee

Camera assistant: Jingbin Tan

Video Editing: Lisa Chang Lee

Editing Assistant: Zixiang Zhou

Li language songs & spoken narratives: Jinbing Han

Forest Guide: Wentao Han, Zhenlin Feng, Qiong Chen

Driver: Dong He

Supported by:

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